A cikin samar da masana'antu, akwai nau'i biyu na jiyya na saman: tsarin jiyya na jiki da tsarin maganin sinadaran. Bakin saman bakin karfe tsari ne da aka saba amfani dashi a cikin maganin sinadarai.
Ka'ida: Ta hanyar maganin sinadarai, an samar da fim din fim din oxide a saman karfe, kuma ana samun maganin saman ta hanyar fim din oxide. Ka'idar da aka yi amfani da ita a cikin wannan tsari na gyaran fuska shine ƙirƙirar fim din oxide a kan saman karfe a ƙarƙashin aikin kayan aiki masu dacewa, wanda zai iya ware ƙarfe daga hulɗar kai tsaye tare da yanayin waje.
Hanyoyin gama gari don baƙar bakin karfe sune kamar haka:
Category 1: Hanyar canza launin Acid
(1) Hanyar dichromate narkakkar. Zuba sassan bakin karfe a cikin narkakken sodium dichromate bayani kuma a motsa sosai na tsawon mintuna 20-30 don samar da fim ɗin baƙin oxide. Cire kuma sanyi, sannan kurkura da ruwa.
(2) Hanyar oxidation na chromate baki. Tsarin canza launi na wannan fim ɗin fim daga haske zuwa duhu. Lokacin da ya canza daga shuɗi mai haske zuwa shuɗi mai zurfi (ko baƙar fata mai tsabta), tazarar lokacin shine kawai 0.5-1 minti. Idan wannan mahimmin batu aka rasa, zai dawo zuwa launin ruwan kasa mai haske kuma za'a iya cire shi kawai a sake canza launi.
2. Hanyar vulcanization na iya samun kyakkyawan fim ɗin baƙar fata, wanda ke buƙatar pickled tare da aqua regia kafin oxidation.
3. Hanyar oxidation alkaline. Alkaline oxidation shine maganin da aka shirya tare da sodium hydroxide, tare da lokacin iskar oxygen na mintuna 10-15. Fim ɗin baƙar fata yana da juriya mai kyau kuma baya buƙatar magani. Lokacin fesa gishiri gabaɗaya yana tsakanin sa'o'i 600-800. Za a iya kula da kyakkyawan ingancin bakin karfe ba tare da tsatsa ba.
Category 2: Hanyar oxidation na Electrolytic
Shirye-shiryen maganin: (20-40g / L dichromate, 10-40g / L manganese sulfate, 10-20g / L boric acid, 10-20g / L / PH3-4). An jiƙa fim ɗin mai launi a cikin bayani na 10% HCl a 25C na minti 5, kuma babu canjin launi ko kwasfa na fim ɗin ciki, yana nuna kyakkyawan juriya na lalata fim ɗin. Bayan electrolysis, 1Cr17 ferritic bakin karfe yana baƙar fata da sauri, sa'an nan kuma ya taurare don samun fim din baƙar fata mai launi mai launi, elasticity, da wani nau'i na taurin. Halayen su ne tsari mai sauƙi, saurin baƙar fata mai sauri, sakamako mai kyau mai launi, da kuma juriya mai kyau. Ya dace da saman baƙar fata jiyya na bakin karfe daban-daban don haka yana da ƙimar amfani mai yawa.
Category 3: Hanyar Maganin Zafin QPQ
An gudanar da shi a cikin kayan aiki na musamman, fim ɗin fim ɗin yana da ƙarfi kuma yana da juriya mai kyau; Duk da haka, saboda gaskiyar cewa bakin karfe, musamman austenitic bakin karfe, ba shi da irin wannan rigakafin tsatsa kamar baya bayan maganin QPQ. Dalilin shi ne cewa abun ciki na chromium a saman austenitic bakin karfe ya lalace. Domin a tsarin da ya gabata na QPQ, wanda shine tsarin nitriding, abubuwan da ke cikin carbon da nitrogen za su shiga, suna haifar da lalacewa ga tsarin saman. Mai sauƙin tsatsa, ƙarancin gishiri zai yi tsatsa a cikin sa'o'i kaɗan kawai. Saboda wannan rauni, aikinsa yana da iyaka.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-29-2024